Another Example Why the Credit Default Swap is the Toxic Waste of the Financial World

On an article about how Greek government debt may take down the Euro, we find this little gem:

Lagarde’s demand for a larger haircut smacked into an onslaught of leaks from the bond-swap negotiations between the government and private sector bond holders. First, there were rumors that the banks had largely agreed on a deal. Then there were rumors that hedge funds that had acquired some of these bonds at a discount were refusing to go along with anything. They were betting that they could profit from a default because it would trigger CDS payouts. And if the majority agreed to the haircut, they would also profit because Greece would eventually redeem the bonds.

Now, there are rumors that the government wants to compel these hedge funds to join the bailout majority. Tool: retroactive “collective-action clauses”—if a majority of bondholders agrees to the deal, the recalcitrant minority could be forced to go along.

Of course, the question is how you can make money for this.

It comes down to the fact that there is something called the "naked" credit default swap.

The nickel tour is that a CDS is an insurance policy, you pay your premiums, and in the event of "something" happening, you get a payout for the "loss".

The reason that I put "loss" in scare quotes is because unlike most forms of insurance, there is no requirement to hold an interest in the continued existence of whatever you are insuring.

This has been case since 1746 (!) when Parliament passed the Marine Insurance Act.

Basically, if I purchase a CDS on something risky, like Greek sovereign debt, I have to pay a lot of money, but let's engage in a little mental exercise:

• Assume a billion dollars in a specific debt issue.
• Buy $1 million dollars in debt at a discount from someone who is scared, let's say it's 50¢ on the dollar. So you spend $500,000.
• You purchase a CDS on the whole issue, let's assume that it's a 30% payment, or $300 million.
• Refuse to accept a haircut, triggering a default, and a full payout on the CDS.
• So, you spent $300.5 million, and get a $1 billion payout.

This is vulture capitalism at it's worse.  You don't just wait for something to die, you figure a way to pluck out the eyes to hasten the demise.

This is a microcosm for everything that is wrong with "Anglo Saxon" hyper-capitalism.